Table 1 Recent advancement in cotton via CRISPR/Cas based genome editing
From: CRISPR/Cas genome editing for cotton precision breeding: mechanisms, advances, and prospects
S. No | Targeted gene | Type of nuclease | Outcome | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Fiber development and yield increase | ||||
 1 | GhHDZ76 | Cas9 | Fiber development | Wu et al. 2024 |
 2 | GhWER | Cas9 | Fiber initiation and epidermal development | Zhao et al. 2024 |
 3 | GhMYB52 | Cas9 | Enhances lint yield | Yang et al. 2024 |
 4 | GhFAD2 | Cas9 | Improved the quality of seed oil | Chen et al. 2021 |
 5 | GhMYB25-like | Cas9 | Key factor in early cotton fibre development | Li et al. 2017 |
 6 | GhPDCT | Cas9 | Increased oleic acid | Li et al. 2024a |
 7 | GoPGF | Cas9 | Reduces gland density | Janga et al. 2019 |
Physiological changes and architecture variation | ||||
 8 | GhCLA1 | Cas9 | Albino development | Gao et al. 2017 |
 9 | GhCLA | Cas12a | Albino development | Li et al. 2019a |
 10 | GHCU | Cas9 | Abnormal leaf shape | Zang et al. 2024 |
 11 | GhTFL1 | nCas9 | Architecture variation | Wang et al. 2024 |
 12 | GhARG | Cas9 | Increased lateral root formation | Wang et al. 2017 |
 13 | Gh4CL20/24A | Cas9 | Reduced flavonoid content | Gong et al. 2024 |
 14 | GhALARP | Cas9 | Preferentially expressed in cotton fibers | Zhu et al. 2018 |
 15 | GhPGF and GhRCD1 | Cas9 | Efficient callus proliferation | Ge et al. 2023 |
Gossypol elimination | ||||
 16 | GhDIR5 | Cas9 | Elimination of gossypol | Lin et al. 2023 |
 17 | GhPGF | Cas12a | Elimination of gossypol | Li et al. 2021a |
Male sterility induction | ||||
 18 | GhAOC2 | Cas9 | Development of male sterility | Khan et al. 2023b |
 19 | GhEMS1 | Cas9 | Male sterility development | Zhang et al. 2023 |
 20 | GhDMP | Cas9 | Maternal haploid induction | Long et al. 2024 |
Abiotic and biotic resistance | ||||
 21 | Gh14-3-3d | Cas9 | Resistance to Verticillium dahliae | Zhang et al. 2018b |
 22 | GhMIR482 | Cas9 | Verticillium dahliae disease resistance | Zhu et al. 2022 |
 23 | GhRCD1 | Cas9 | Reduced cadmium resistance | Wei et al. 2024 |
 24 | GhTULP34 | dCas9 | Drought tolerant | Yu et al. 2023 |